Microalbumin in urine

Sample type

24-hour urine sample or a random urine sample.

Uses

1-Diagnosis of kidney dysfunction.

2-Medications that act on the renin–angiotensin system may delay onset of renal and cardiovascular disease, making screening for microalbumin important in the care of diabetic patients

Precautions

make sure that a 24-hour urine sample has been collected.Use only fresh urine and no preservative

24-hour urine sample collection instructions

• On day 1, urinate into the toilet when you get up in the morning.

• Afterward, collect all urine in a special container for the next 24 hours.

• On day 2, urinate into the container when you get up in the morning.

• Cap the container. Keep it in the refrigerator or a cool place during the collection period.

• Label the container with your name, the date, the time of completion, and return it as instructed.

Interferring factor

1-Microalbuminuria may be seen transiently during pregnancy, after exercise, and with protein loading, hyperglycemia, fever, and urinary tract infections. There is also day-to-day, as well as diurnal, variation in albumin excretion. Hence, it is important to base treatment on the results of several tests.

2-Vigorous exercise can cause a transient increase in albumin excretion. Patients should refrain from vigorous exercise in the 24 hours prior to the test

Pre analytical erorr

1-Diet which depend on protein affect result.

2- Un controlled diabetes elevate the result.

3-vigorous exercise before the test affect the result.

4-If the sample was not collected with the correct instructions ,it will affect the result

Corrective action:

1_asking if patient follow restricted diet.

2_asking if the diabetic patient control the diabetes.

3_ stop doing vigorous exercise before the test.

4-The patient must be given the instructions that the sample must be collected, and before taking the sample make sure that he follows these

instructions

Post-analytical errors

1-Writing a wrong result or wrong name in the report

2-report were sent to incorrect patient

The corrective actions

1- If the report is not delivered to the patient and this error is discovered the correct result or the correct name must be written, but if the report is delivered to the patient must communicate with him and tell him that an error has occurred and replace with the correct report.

2-Communicate with patient ,apologizing for the error, and providing him with the correct report

Reference range

30–300 mg per 24 hours